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www.artiniresort.com
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UBUD BALI INDONESIA |
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BALI HISTORY
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Bali history has become quite unique and distinctive
since it is fully supported by its society 's attitude
which pays special heed toward their ancestral archeological
remains /items. The belief in ancestors makes their awareness
of history so great in Bali. Hindu influences from java
grew from the reign of King Airlangga (1019-42) the rock
cut memorials of Gunung kawi are a legacy of 11th century
links to java.
Based on the information found on an 8th century AD inscription,
it could be said that the Ancient Balinese historical
period covered the time between the 8th and the 14th century
AD when the Majapahit's Gajah Mada expedition invaded
and defeated Bali. Gajah Mada's expedition to Bali was
done when the Bedahulu kingdom under King Astasura Ratna
Bumi Banten and Patih Kebo Iwo governed Bali.
Majapahit appointed Sri Kresna Kepakisan to lead the government
in Bali under the consideration of the existence of a
blood relation between he and the people of Bali Aga.
As Islam spread in Java the Majapahit Court progressively
moved to Bali. Making its final exodus with priests, artists
and intellectuals, in 1478
Dutch's Colonization Period
When Buleleng fell down into the Dutch's hands, the Dutch
government began to intervene in the management of government
in Bali. This was done by changing the name of the king
as regional head to regent for Buleleng and Jembrana areas
and placing P.L. Van Bloemen Waanders as the first controleur
in Bali. Ducth invation of the south , which climaxed
in a suicidal puputan, the Denpasar nobility burnt their
own places, dressed in their finest jewellery and waving
the golden krises, marched straight into the Dutch guns.
The king of Tabanan, Karangasem, Gianyar and Klungkung
soon capitulated too and Bali becomes part of the Dutch
East Indies.
After going through several battles, the Japanese army
landed on Sanur Beach on 18 and 19 February 1942. The
Japanese army entered Denpasar without encountering any
resistance whatsoever. Then, from Denpasar Japan controlled
Bali entirely. At first, the party that established Japanese
power in Bali was the Japanese Army (Rikugun). Later,
when the situation was in a stable time, the power of
government was handed over to a civilian government. After
Japanese defeat, the Dutch tried to regain control of
their former colonies. On 20 November 1946, by starting
the violence at dawn, the Dutch force began to encircle
Marga Village. In the war, many members of the Dutch advanced
force were killed. In the serious battle which involved
all members of Ngurah Rai force, were determined not to
leave the war until the last drop of blood. It was here
that Ngurah Rai force held Puputan so that all 96 members
of the force were killed, including Rai himself. On the
other hand, about 400 members of the Dutch force were
killed.
On August 17th, 1945, Indonesia was declared independent
by its first President, Soekarno. After four years of
fighting and strong criticism from international community,
the Dutch government finally gave in, and in 1949, Indonesia
was recognized as an independent country.
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